Writers Den

Question 1

1. In her research, Dr. Cranshaw focuses on the application of principles of natural selection to explain psychological processes and phenomena. Dr. Cranshaw is most likely a(n) _________________ psychologist.

   	a.	Evolutionary
   	b.	Humanistic
   	c.	Behavioral
   	d.	Psychodynamic

1 points

Question 2

1. Dr. Joyce supports the view that the goal of psychology should be to discover the fundamental principles of learning and that psychologists should focus exclusively on overt behavior rather than on mental processes. Dr. Joyce favors the _______________ perspective in psychology.

   	a.	Cognitive
   	b.	Behavioral
   	c.	Psychodynamic
   	d.	Humanistic

1 points

Question 3

1. Dr. Gonzalez believes that unconscious conflicts, early childhood experiences, and repressed sexual and aggressive feelings make us who we are. He is most likely a(n) ________________ psychologist.

   	a.	Behavioral
   	b.	Humanistic
   	c.	Psychodynamic
   	d.	Cognitive

1 points

Question 4

1. Dr. Smith studies how people of all ages learn and develops instructional methods and materials to help the learning process. In particular, he stresses the roles played by thinking, problem solving, memory, and mental imagery. Dr. Smith favors the _______________ perspective.

   	a.	Behavioral
   	b.	Evolutionary
   	c.	Psychodynamic
   	d.	Cognitive

1 points

Question 5

1. According to Professor Zarkov’s correlational data, there is a statistically significant relationship between the socioeconomic level of a family and how much time the parents spend talking to their children. To say that the results of this study are statistically significant means that:
   

   	a.	there is a cause-and-effect relationship between the two variables.
   	b.	the results are unlikely to have occurred by chance.
   	c.	the finding has no mathematical validity.
   	d.	the finding can be used to generate new theories.

1 points

Question 6

1. After analyzing her data, Professor Nelson discovers that a correlation coefficient of +.75 exists between the amount of coffee a person drinks and the degree of stress experienced. Professor Nelson can safely conclude that:
   

   	a.	there is no relationship between stress and coffee consumption.
   	b.	stress causes people to drink coffee.
   	c.	as coffee consumption increases, stress also increases.
   	d.	drinking coffee produces stress.

1 points

Question 7

1. The Snape Oil Supplement Company uses sincere and compelling testimonials and personal anecdotes to promote its products on TV infomercials. These testimonials:
   

   	a.	are acceptable scientific evidence.
   	b.	should be believed because they appear to be genuine and the products really did help these people as they claim.
   	c.	lack the basic controls used in research and are not acceptable scientific evidence.
   	d.	are a type of descriptive research method called naturalistic observation.

1 points

Question 8

1. Professor Lyon decided to study food preferences of U.S. college students, so he asked his students to volunteer to participate in a lengthy survey. Professor Lyon’s survey results are probably invalid because he did not use:
   

   	a.	an operational definition.
   	b.	random selection.
   	c.	a valid hypothesis.
   	d.	independent and dependent variables.

1 points

Question 9

1. Psychologist Harry Triandis has said, All cultures are simultaneously very similar and very different. What does Triandis mean by this statement?
   

   	a.	Because individuals are so different, cultures cannot be meaningfully studied or compared.
   	b.	People in different cultures share many fundamental human attributes and motives, yet people in each culture express these qualities and motives in different ways.
   	c.	Ethnocentrism is more prevalent in some cultures than in others.
   	d.	Collectivistic cultures cannot be understood by members of individualistic cultures.

1 points

Question 10

1. When Susan learned that infants in Mayan families in Guatemala often sleep in their mother’s bed until the child is two or three years old, she expressed her surprise that the Mayan culture was so backward compared with American culture. Susan’s views are a good example of _____ in action.
   

   	a.	normative social influence
   	b.	demand characteristics
   	c.	ethnocentrism
   	d.	expectancy effects

1 points

Question 11

1. Culture is a broad term that refers to the ____________ and behaviors shared by a group of people and communicated from one generation to another.

   	a.	attitudes
   	b.	values
   	c.	beliefs
   	d.	all of the above

1 points

Question 12

1. Collectivistic cultures differ from individualistic cultures in that:

   	a.	collectivists emphasize the needs and goals of the group over the needs and ogals of the individual.
   	b.	collectivists emphasize the needs and goals of the individual over the needs and goals of the group.
   	c.	in a collectivistic culture, social behavior is more storngly influenced by individual preferences and attitudes than by cultural norms and values.
   	d.	in individualistic societies, social behavior is more heaviliy influenced by cultural norms than by individual preferences and attitudes.