In psychology, the term personality means _____________________.
1. a combination of long-lasting and distinctive behaviors, thoughts, motives, and emotions that
typify how we react to other people and situations
2. favorable and unfavorable personal characteristics
3. a fixed way of responding to other people that is based on our inherited emotional makeup
4. how interesting and attractive we are to other people
__________ is a discredited pseudo-scientific theory of the brain that claimed that personality
characteristics could be determined by examining bumps on a person’s skull.
1. Phrenology
2. Physiognomy
3. The Barnum effect
4. Somotology
If you believe that you can detect whether someone is gay or straight or whether someone is a Democrat
or a Republican based on their facial characteristics, then you believe in the personality assessment
approach known as ____________.
1. physiognomy
2. somotology
3. factor analysis
4. phrenology
The acronym “OCEAN” refers to _________________.
1. defense mechanisms
2. the Big Five traits
3. a projective measure of personality
4. an objective measure of personality
Which of the following is not one of the five groups of traits in the five-factor model used to describe
personality?
1. Extraversion
2. Neuroticism
3. Intelligence
4. Agreeableness
Hartshorne and colleagues gave thousands of children opportunities to lie, cheat, and steal while at home,
at school, and at play. Results of this research, according to Walter Mischel, should make us more
cautious about emphasizing _______________.
1. personality traits
2. unconditional positive regard
3. defense mechanisms
4. self-efficacy
Walter Mischel, in a discussion of trait theory, commented that ______________________.
1. traits accurately predict behavior across situations
2. individuals do not behave consistently across situations
3. the five-factor model should be reduced down to a two-factor model
4. traits are not based on inherited factors
Which of the following is an example of a projective psychological test?
1. Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire 2. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory
3. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
4. Thematic Apperception Test
The most popular and well-researched personality inventory is the ________, which is used for screening
and diagnosis of psychiatric problems.
1. TAT
2. MMPI
3. MBTI
4. DAP
Children like to pour ink on one side of a piece of paper, fold the paper, and then figure out what the
resulting shape looks like. This activity is most like which of the following personality measures?
1. TAT
2. MBTI
3. Rorschach test
4. MMPI-2
One of the disadvantages of projective tests is that they ____________________.
1. tend to be low in reliability and validity
2. are rarely used by clinical psychologists
3. take a long time to administer
4. have to made up by the psychologist in advance
