Pictures of chili peppers make Dionne’s mouth water when she browses cooking sites on the Web. In Pavlov’s terms, pictures of chili peppers are _____ stimuli for Dionne.
| conditioned |
| neutral |
| reinforcing |
| unconditioned |
Billie’s mouth waters when she sees a picture of jalapenos in a cooking magazine, but not when she sees a picture of okra on the next page. Billie is demonstrating stimulus:
| habituation. |
| generalization. |
| discrimination. |
| extinction. |
Carlito is afraid of dogs. He practices positive visualization whenever he sees a dog. Carlito’s visualizations function as:
| positive reinforcers. |
| conditioned stimuli. |
| unconditioned stimuli. |
| conditioned responses. |
Higher order conditioning involves forming an association between:
| a new neutral stimulus and a conditioned stimulus. |
| a conditioned stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus. |
| a new neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus. |
| two unconditioned stimuli. |
Hannah is in middle school. Her father treats her to a sundae each time she brings home a “straight-A” report card. Hannah’s Dad is providing _____ reinforcement.
| secondary |
| partial |
| primary |
| negative |
Which set does NOT contain a discrepant element?
| { Pavlovian conditioning, classical conditioning, associations between stimuli} |
| { associations between behavior and consequences, voluntary behavior, operant conditioning} |
| { involuntary behavior, associations between stimuli, classical conditioning} |
| { voluntary behavior, operant conditioning, associations between stimuli} |
In a replication of Bandura et al.’s “Bobo doll” study, children observe an adult model behave aggressively toward a doll. The children then observe another adult tell the model, “Good job!” The model received _____ reinforcement for behaving aggressively.
| negative |
| primary |
| partial |
| secondary |
Which correlation coefficient is a researcher MOST likely to find between the number of hours of television a sample of children watch and the same children’s scores on measures of antisocial behavior when they are adolescents?
| -.25 |
| -.70 |
| .05 |
| .30 |
Pioneering studies by Tolman and Kohler suggest a _____ role for cognition in learning, _____ Skinner’s views of learning.
| critical; contradicting |
| critical; supporting |
| minimal; contradicting |
| minimal; supporting |
“I’ve got it!” John exclaims when he finally cracks a brain-teaser problem he’s been working on. John is experiencing:
| insight. |
| latent learning. |
| habituation. |
| social learning. |
