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Understanding Deviance and Socialization
1. Discuss and illustrate the four types of nonconforming
behavior
presented by Robert Merton in his theory of deviance.

2. Describe Edwin Sutherland’s approach to deviance, which
draws upon the interactionist perspective. In what ways does Edwin Sutherland’s
approach to criminology draw upon the significance of the socialization
process?

3. Explain the routine activities theory and indicate why
proponents believe that it is a useful theory for explaining the increase in
crime during the last 50 years.

4. Briefly explain the basic ideas of labeling theory.
Explain how labeling theory draws on the work of both conflict theorists and
interactionists. Distinguish among labeling theory, the societal-reaction
approach, and the social constructionist perspective.

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