Psychology
Psychology
In the
experimental research methods there is a need of two different groups to
compare the results of each group and reach at a valid conclusion. In these
groups, one is chosen for the special treatment of manipulation for the
experiment, which is known as the experimental group, whereas another group is
not treated specially and remains the same during an experiment, which is known
as the control group. If the control group is not existed in the experiment, it
is not possible for the researcher to conclude reliable result as there would
be no variable to compare temperature, time, and color of experiment and so on
(Kirk, 2012).
It can be
understood by an example of a medical researcher, who was in impression of
invention of a medicine for the treatment of common cold. For making test of
the medicine he conducted an experiment on a group of 20 people, who were
suffering from cold and examined the result after 10 days. On the other hand,
it was considered as an improper experiment because people can get better in 10
days even without taking medicine. So the experiment should be based on the
control group as well. The difference between experiment and control groups
should be identified for reliable and valid results (Kirk, 2012).
Part 3
According to the
experiment of Latané and Darley, it is imperative for all the researchers to
explain the hypothesis of the study through tests. For testing the hypothesis,
the researchers usually create an imaginary or emergent situation. At the same
time, this situation is necessary for the support of the witnesses in the
experiments to prove the hypothesis. In this, different bystanders are
presented by the researcher to the manipulation of experiment and analyze the
situation from different perspectives. All the researchers would have two
groups, one is a group for experiment and another is control group to compare
the results of the test and prove the hypothesis of the study (Kirk, 2012).
References
Kirk, R.E.
(2012). Experimental Design: Procedures for the Behavioral Sciences: Procedures
for the Behavioral Sciences. SAGE Publications.
Appendix
Appendix A:
Experimental Group and Control Group:
