Psychological First Aid:
Select one:
A. teaches people how to prevent community-wide disasters
B. prevents severe mental health problems in all survivors
C. is typically provided in the immediate aftermath of a disaster
D. typically provides assistance throughout the recovery period
Question 2
Psychological First Aid:
Select one:
A. is consistent with research evidence on risk and resilience following trauma
B. applies only to adults
C. is only applicable in service centers and shelters
D. requires that all steps be delivered in a specific order
Question 3
Which of the following is a basic objective of Psychological First Aid:
Select one:
A. to make people share their feelings after a disaster so that they will not have long-term mental health problems
B. to establish a human connection with people even if it means forcing yourself into their environment
C. to calm and orient emotionally overwhelmed or distraught disaster survivors
D. to keep people from needing social support after a disaster
Question 4
All of the following behaviors are appropriate in delivering Psychological First Aid except:
Select one:
A. being visible and available
B. ensuring that all survivors receive the same type and level of care
C. listening to survivors
D. paying attention to your own emotional and physical reactions
Question 5
All of the following are core actions of Psychological First Aid except:
Select one:
A. initiating contact in a non-intrusive manner
B. gathering information about the immediate needs and concerns of survivors
C. linking survivors with available services
D. delivering on-going, long-term care
Question 6
In making initial contact with survivors you should:
Select one:
A. always reach out first to individuals who appear to be isolated
B. respond first to survivors who approach you
C. avoid establishing a helping relationship so survivors do not become dependent
D. do A and C above
Question 7
The goal of safety and comfort requires the PFA provider to:
Select one:
A. expose survivors to ongoing media coverage so they can remain knowledgeable about current disaster-related events
B. share information even if survivors appear not to comprehend the information
C. acquire detailed information from survivors about their disaster experiences
D. re-organize the immediate environment, if necessary, to increase physical safety
Question 8
When providing information about disaster response activities and services, it is generally appropriate to tell survivors:
Select one:
A. what is being done to assist them
B. what is currently known about the unfolding event
C. what services are available
D. all of the above
Question 9
Protecting survivors from additional traumatic experiences typically involves:
Select one:
A. exposing survivors to traumatic reminders so they can begin to cope with their experiences
B. encouraging adult survivors to talk to attorneys as soon as possible so they can begin to get closure
C. debriefing survivors in groups so they will see how bad the experiences of others have been
D. doing none of the above
Question 10
Which of the following is true of stabilization:
Select one:
A. stabilization is required for most disaster survivors
B. strong emotional reactions signal the need for stabilization
C. stabilization may be needed when survivors’ reactions interfere with their ability to function
D. stabilization should never be used at a disaster site
Question 11
Grounding:
Select one:
A. is a technique used to stabilize agitated individuals
B. should be used with adults but not children
C. should be used with children but not adults
D. is rarely effective with disaster survivors
Question 12
Psychological First Aid interventions should be:
Select one:
A. adapted to the specific needs of survivors
B. delivered in a uniform fashion to avoid discrimination
C. designed to meet immediate and long term needs of survivors
D. enacted only after all physical health needs are addressed
Question 13
In assisting individuals who have experienced material losses associated with a disaster in which there were many physical injuries and deaths, a PFA provider should:
Select one:
A. avoid making contact with them
B. explain that others are in real need of help
C. recognize that material losses are important to those experiencing them
D. hand them information on coping with loss and move directly to those with physical injuries
Question 14
Survivors who are experiencing shame following a disaster
Select one:
A. may feel guilty because they survived when loved ones did not
B. are most likely guilty of something
C. are probably ashamed about how they reacted
D. are an inappropriate candidate for Psychological First Aid
Question 15
In offering practical assistance to survivors, a PFA provider should:
Select one:
A. assist survivors to identify issues requiring immediate attention
B. answer survivors’ questions even when not absolutely sure of the facts
C. encourage survivors to postpone making plans until their lives return to “normal”
D. prioritize survivor needs since survivors are in no position to do so themselves
Question 16
As part of Psychological First Aid, practical assistance includes which of the following:
Select one:
A. resolving pre-existing family conflicts
B. identifying immediate and long term needs
C. developing an action plan
D. involving adults only
Question 17
Connecting survivors with social supports:
Select one:
A. is not a component of Psychological First Aid but should be considered during long-term recovery
B. may involve the establishment of brief contacts with support personnel
C. should be used only after all emotional issues have been addressed
D. should discourage support from other survivors who are not family members
Question 18
In the immediate aftermath of a disaster, it is important to:
Select one:
A. tell survivors about the full range of symptoms and disorders that they are likely to experience
B. reassure survivors that they will be okay once they learn to accept their losses
C. reassure survivors that their stress reactions will disappear when they leave the disaster site
D. do none of the above
Question 19
Post-disaster reminders:
Select one:
A. may include situations in which positive things remind survivors of how life has changed
B. are generally unrelated to the specific type of disaster
C. are generally unrelated to the hardships faced by survivors
D. are rare in most disasters
Question 20
Which of the following is generally an adaptive coping activity for survivors:
Select one:
A. focusing exclusively on news that describes the disaster in detail
B. avoiding pleasant activities
C. avoiding sleep if accompanied by bad dreams
D. using calming self talk
Question 21
Maladaptive coping actions used by survivors include:
Select one:
A. keeping a journal
B. maintaining a normal schedule to the extent possible
C. participating in a support group
D. working longer hours than normal
Question 22
In discussing forms of coping with survivors, a Psychological First Aid provider should:
Select one:
A. avoid negative forms of coping
B. help survivors to consider different coping options
C. discourage survivors from making goal-oriented choices until they have recovered from the disaster
D. keep survivors focused on the future rather than reviewing past coping mechanisms
Question 23
Which of the following is most likely to be helpful to families as they cope post disaster:
Select one:
A. keeping their regular routines until they have adjusted to the disaster
B. understanding differences in how family members cope
C. encouraging all family members to engage in similar coping activities
D. postponing pleasurable activities until they have adjusted to the disaster
Question 24
Which of the following is appropriate advice for survivors who are experiencing sleep problems:
Select one:
A. go to sleep at the same time and get up at the same time every day
B. disregard the sleep problems since you will sleep when you become really tired
C. wait until you are really tired before going to bed
D. take long naps during the day
Question 25
In making a referral, a PFA provider should:
Select one:
A. give survivors written information about services but not make any appointment for them
B. summarize survivors needs and concerns and review with them to ensure accuracy
C. only refer survivors to services they used before the disaster
D. encourage survivors to postpone seeking help for at least two weeks after the disaster
Question 26
After a hurricane, you are deployed to a shelter to provide PFA to survivors. Upon arriving, you observe a number of survivors who need assistance. Which of the following is the best way to make initial contact with them?
Select one:
A. Explain the importance of maintaining faith and hope
B. Observe first and make connections in a non-intrusive, kind, and helpful way
C. Reassure survivors that everything happens for the best
D. Start providing survivors with information on coping
Question 27
When gathering information from survivors, providers should do which of the following?
Select one:
A. Take a detailed medical history
B. Seek detailed information about traumatic experience to ensure an appropriate referral
C. Ask for a retelling of what happened during the disaster
D. Focus on immediate needs and concerns
Question 28
While working with a couple who just experienced a tornado, you learn they are celebrating their 50th wedding anniversary in a couple of days. They had planned a party, and were expecting out-of-town guests to join them. They are feeling anxious and sad about the possibility of the disaster disrupting their celebration. Which of the following would be the best way to support them?
Select one:
A. Try to help them forget about it
B. Offer to contact all their out of town guests and tell them the party is cancelled
C. Tell the couple your side job is a party planner and you’ll help them for a fee
D. Help them develop an alternative plan for honoring their anniversary
Question 29
You have been working for 6 hours straight and are feeling mentally and emotionally exhausted. Which of the following actions is not a good choice for taking care of yourself?
Select one:
A. Drink caffeine to keep you alert
B. Take a break to remove yourself from the commotion
C. Check in with your supervisor or colleague to let them know you need a break
D. Practice a brief relaxation technique
Question 30
All of the following are strategies that can help you readjust to life after disaster response work except:
Select one:
A. Invest in your relationships and social support
B. Increase pleasant activities and exercise
C. Make a big, life-changing decision
D. Be patient with yourself
