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Question 1.1.
Identify
each of the following as examples of nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio
scales of measurement. (4 points each)
1.
A
poll of registered voters in Florida asking which candidate they support
2.
The
length of time required for a wound to heal when using a new medicine
3.
The
number of telephone calls arriving at a switchboard per five-minute
period
4.
The
distance first-year college football players can kick a ball
5.
Mental
health diagnoses present in an elderly population
6.
The
rankings of employees on their job
performance
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Question 2.2.
Two
hundred raffle tickets are sold. Your friend has five people in her family
who each bought two raffle tickets. What is the probability that someone
from her family will win the raffle?
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Question 3.3.Jolie has a time of 45 minutes
for doing her statistics homework. If the mean is 38 minutes and the
standard deviation is 3, calculate Jolie’s z score. Once calculated,
interpret your findings in terms of Jolie’s performance.
(HINT: use the normal distribution and the probability that
other students performed better or worse.) (Points : 8)
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Question 4.4.A
psychologist measures units of change for a memory test after students are
given an opportunity to sleep only four hours. The following change units
were obtained: 7, -12, 4, -7, 3, -10.
Find the a)
mean, b) median, c) mode, d) standard deviation, e) range, and f) variance.
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Question 5.5.A student scored 81 on a
chemistry test and 75 on a history test. For the chemistry test, the mean
was 70 and the standard deviation was 20. For the history test, the mean
was 65 and the standard deviation was 8. Did the student do better on the
chemistry test or the history test? Explain your answer.
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Question 6.6.Suppose
you want to figure out what to do with your degree in psychology. You ask
some fellow students from your psychology program who recently graduated to
find out what they are doing with their degree and how much it pays. What
type of sampling is this? What are the limitations of this sampling
approach?
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Question 7.7.Variables in which the
values are categories are known as
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Interval
variables
Nominal variables
Ordinal variables
Ratio variables
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Question 8.8.Before the researcher can
conduct a statistical test, the research question must be translated into
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A
testable hypothesis
Additional observations
Mathematical symbols
Numbers
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Question 9.9.The hypothesis stating that
there are no differences, effects, or relationships is
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The
alternative hypothesis
The baseline hypothesis
The null hypothesis
The reasonable hypothesis
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Question 10.10.A group of students made the
following scores on a 10-item quiz in psychological statistics: {5, 6, 7,
7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10} What is the mean score? (Points : 4)
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6.6
7.2
7.8
8.7
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Question 11.11.A group of students made the
following scores on a 10-item quiz in psychological statistics: {5, 6, 7,
7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10} What is the median score?
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6
7
8
9
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Question 12.12.A group of students made the
following scores on a 10-item quiz in psychological statistics: {5, 6, 7,
7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10} What is the mode?
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5
7
8
9
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Question 13.13.A group of students made the
following scores on a 10-item quiz in psychological statistics: {5, 6, 7,
7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10} What is the range of scores?
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5
6
7
11
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Question 14.14.A group of students made the
following scores on a 10-item quiz in psychological statistics: {5, 6, 7,
7, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10} What is the variance, treating these scores as
a sample?
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1.53
1.60
2.33
2.56
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Question 15.15.The standard normal
distribution has all the following properties EXCEPT: (Points : 4)
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The
mean, mode, and median are all equal
The total area under the curve
equals 1
The curve is specified by two
parameters, the mean and the standard deviation
The curve extends to + and – 3
standard deviations from the mean
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Question 16.16.According to the Empirical
Rule, approximately _______% of the data in a normal distribution will
fall within ±1 standard deviation of the mean.
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34
68
95
99.7
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Question 17.17.In statistical computations,
the number of values that are free to vary is known as
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Degrees
of freedom
Freedom factor
Variability index
Variation quotient
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Question 18.18.Which of the following
reflects a Type I error?
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Rejecting
the null hypothesis when in reality the null hypothesis is true
Rejecting the null hypothesis
when in reality the null hypothesis is false
Accepting the null hypothesis
when in reality the null hypothesis is true
Accepting the null hypothesis
when in reality the null hypothesis is false
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Question 19.19.Which type of sampling is used
when the experimenter asks 5 area doctors to refer pregnant women to his
study and accepts all women who offer to be in his study? ()
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purposive
sampling
convenience sampling
cluster sampling
stratified sampling
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Question 20.20.In our statistics equations, n
refers to:
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mean
standard deviation
normal distribution
number of subjects
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Question 21.21.Which of the following is true
regarding alpha?
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it
is also known as the level of significance
value is set by the researcher
value is equal to the probability
of a type I error
all of the above are true
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Question 22.22.Macy proposes that boys who
play sports are viewed as more attractive than boys who do not play
sports. What is her null hypothesis?
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Boys
who play sports are not viewed as more attractive than boys who do not play
sports
Playing sports will influence how
attractively boys are viewed
Boys who play sports are more
attractive than girls who play sports
There can be no null hypothesis
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Question 23.23.You calculate a t of 2.38 and
note that the tabled value for .01 is 3.22 and for .05 is 2.19. You would
conclude that the null hypothesis can be:
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Accepted
at the .05 level
Rejected at the .01 level
Rejected at the .05 level
None of the above
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Question 24.24.A researcher is studying
political conservatism among 11 engineering students and 11 humanities
students. The number of degrees of freedom for a t test is: (
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22
20
11
10
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Question 25.25.A t test for dependent groups
should be used instead of a t test for independent samples: (
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If
each participant is measured twice
Whenever there are equal numbers
of subjects in each group
Whenever there are only two
groups
All of the above
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Question 26.26.In a normal distribution, what
percent of the population falls between -1 and 1 standard deviations of
the mean?
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34%
68%
95%
cannot tell from the information
given
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Question 27.27.Which of the following is more
affected by extreme scores?
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Mode
Mean
Median
None of the above are affected
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Question 28.28.On a histogram, what does the
vertical (y) axis refer to?
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Individual
scores
Frequencies
Means
Deviation scores
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Question 29.29.Which statistic refers to the
average amount by which the scores in the sample deviate from the mean?
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Range
Standard deviation
Median
Mode
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Question 30.30.Assume a normal distribution
for N = 300. How many cases would one expect to find between +1 and -1
standard deviations around the mean?
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102
285
150
204
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Question 31.31.A z score of zero tells us
that the score is at the________of the distribution.
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Mean
Very top
Very bottom
None of the above since z cannot
be zero
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Question 32.32.In a unit normal curve, what
goes on the x axis?
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Frequencies
Observed scores
z scores
Area
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Question 33.33.Which of the following is a
measure of variability?)
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Mean
Range
Interval
All of the above
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Question 34.34.The only measure of central
tendency that can be found for nominal data is the
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Mean
Median
Mode
Midrange
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Question 35.35.If the probability of event A
is 0.45 and the probability of event B is 0.35 and the probability of A
and B occurring together is 0.25, then the probability of A OR B is:
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0.8
1.8
0.1575
0.55
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Question 36.36.A researcher knows that the
average distance commuting students live from campus was previously 8.2
miles. Because of the rising prices of gasoline, the research wants to
test the claim that commuting students now live closer to campus.
What is
the correct alternative hypothesis?
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The
new mean distance is 8.2 miles.
The new mean distance is less
than or equal to 8.2 miles.
The new mean distance is less
than 8.2 miles.
The new mean distance is greater
than or equal to 8.2 miles.
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