Decide which of
the following concepts are most applicable to each scenario: differential
reinforcement of other behavior, avoidance contingency, punishment by
prevention of reinforcer, punishment by loss of reinforcer, or avoidance of
loss.
Defend your
answer in 2-3 sentences each, using citations as needed.
- Sally, a 13-year-old teenager, is tired of having her mom nag her about her bedroom. Her mom nags about the clothes on the floor, the bed being unmade, and the trashcan spilling over in her bathroom. Sally comes home from school in a bad mood and the last thing she wants to hear is her mom’s nagging voice. To get around the expected response from her mom, she cleans her room, makes her bed, and empties her trashcan.
- Sally makes the 7th-grade track team by finishing before another girl by less than 0.05 seconds in her event—the 400 meter relay. Sally is proud of making the team but needs to work harder in the practices that follow. The first track meet does not go well. Out of the four girls on the relay team, she has the slowest time, so her track coach removes her from the team, and makes her sit as an alternate.
- Chad is a 45-year-old man going back to
school while working full time. A self-proclaimed procrastinator, his job
as a computer programmer can handle his laid back style and ever-changing
deadlines. In school, however, he is having difficulty turning his
homework in on time. The teacher has told him that success is impossible
if he does not turn his papers in on time, yet he fails to do so week
after week.
4. Chad
continues to stay in school and is a B-minus student due to the procrastination
aspect of his work ethic. He has been complaining lately about school and thinking
about withdrawing. His comments about the teacher, the class, the work and his
grades are starting to get annoying so his mom decides to only reinforce his
verbal behavior every 5 minutes he talks to her without making a negative
comment about school.
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