Research Method Psychology practice quiz problems
4. A________ is a subset of the _________
A. population; sample
B. population; random sample
C. sample; population
D. none of the above
5. The first step in the research process is to
A. review the literature on your topic
B. develop a research plan
C. Find a problem or question to examine
D. consider the relevant theories
6. “Students who have been given extra credit.” This
statement best represents a (n)
A. theory
B. hypothesis
C. extraneous variable
D. problem
7. Which of the following components of the research process
should be conducted first?
A. conducting the project
B. literature review
C. coming up with the hypothesis
D. analysis of research findings
8. The general plan for selecting participants, assigning
participants to experimental conditions, controlling extraneous variables, and
gathering data is known as the
A. Hypothesis
B. Theory
C. Research design
D. Literature review
9. Which of the following steps in the research process will
often result in doing statistics?
A. Analysis of research findings
B. Decisions in terms of past research and theory
C. Theoretical considerations
D. Literature review
11. ________ refers to those situations where we look for
one phenomenon
But find something else.
A. Validity
B. Reliability
C. Testability
D. Serendipity
12. Which of the following is NOT a systematic source of
research ideas?
A. Theory
B. Everyday occurrences
C. Classroom lectures
D. Past research
13. Which of the following ways are recommended in your text
for obtaining relevant publications?
A. Making photocopies from publications
B. Using interlibrary loan
C. request a reprint from the author
D. all of the above
14. Why was the Tuskegee syphilis project considered
unethical?
A. Participants were not told the real purpose of the study
B. There were excessive risks for the participants
C. Participants did not have the right to discontinue
participation
D. All of the above
15. The Milgram obedience experiments had ethical problems
because
A. Milgram failed to debrief his participants.
B. The project was not conducted by scientifically qualified
personnel
C. The participants were under extreme emotional distress
D. The participants did not know they were in a study
16. Which ethical guidelines does deception violate?
A. full debriefing
B. informed consent
C. gaining IRB approval
D. all of the above
17. Which of the following best describes the APA guideline
regarding inducements for research participation?
A. It is unethical to pay people to participate in research.
B. Researchers should avoid excessive inducements to
participate in research
C. Research participation should be a course requirement for
college students in introductory psychology classes.
D. Researchers cannot under any circumstances offer
professional services as an inducement for research participation.
19. _________ refers to the extent to which a qualitative
research report is accurate and unbiased.
A. Credibility
B. Dependability
C. Confirmability
D. Transferability
20. Dependability in qualitative research is analogous
to_________ in quantitative research.
A. external validity
B. internal validity
C. construct validity
D. reliability
21. One strength of the case study method is that
A. researchers can understand the causes of behavior
B. the results exhibit high generalizability
C. the research often leads to ideas for future research
D. all of the above are strengths of the case study method
22. with archival research
A. we can make statements about causality under most
circumstances
B. we can make statements about causality when the
researcher has exhibited tight control over the variables.
C. we can make statements about causality when the
researcher has examined only one variable instead of several.
24. “As the amount of exercising decreases weight
increases.” This statement represents a ________ correlation.
A. Zero
B. Positive
C. Negative
D. Curvilinear
25. Control refers to
A. directly manipulating an independent variable in a
research study.
B. managing unwanted variables that could influence the
results of a research project.
C. both (a) and (b)
D. none of the above
28. Why is it important to use operational definitions in
research?
A. it allows extraneous variables to be controlled
B. it allows other researchers to replicate the research
C. it is the only way to randomly assign participants to
conditions
D. it is allows nuisance variables to be controlled.
29. Why are extraneous variables problematic?
A. the operational definitions of extraneous variables are
poor
B. the extraneous variables are purposely manipulated by the
researcher
C. extraneous variables are usually measured on a Likert
scale
D. the researcher does not know if the results are due to
the independent variable or to the extraneous variables.
30. Experimenter expectancies usually result in participants
A. behaving in a manner opposite of experimenter
expectations
B. behaving in a manner consistent with experimenter
expectations
C. behaving in a natural way
D. not understanding the directions of the experimenter
31. Dickson et al. (2001) did not tell their participants
that they were studying racial stereotypes because they were worried about
A. experimenter expectancies
B. demand characteristics
C. ethnocentrism
D. sampling issues
32. Research aimed at determining the universality of
research results is known as ________ research
A. correlational
B .experimental
C. archival
D. cross-cultural
33. A culture-specific finding is known as a (n)
A. emic
B. etic
C. response set
D. precedent
34. Joy scored a 98% on her last Research Methods exam.
Based on the concept of statistical regression we would predict that her score
on the next exam will be
A. 98%
B. a little bit lower than a 98%
C. 70%
D. 58%
35. Jerry is concerned about whether his independent
variable is the only possible explanation for the results of his experiment.
Jerry is concerned about
A. external validity
B. internal validity
C. reliability
D. convenience sampling
36. ________ statistics summarize numbers and__________ statistics
determine whether the results are significant.
A. Descriptive; inferential
B. Inferential; descriptive
C. Measurements; inferential
D. Descriptive; measurement
37. Measures of __________ refer to the typical or
representative score.
A. variability
B. central tendency
C. inferential statistics
D. type I errors
40. Why is it important to understand scales of measurement?
A. the scale of measurement for the dependent variable
determines the kind of statistical test that can be conducted.
B. scales of measurement are integral for inferential
statistics (but not necessarily descriptive statistics)
C. scales of measurement are integral for descriptive
statistics (but not necessarily inferential statistics)
D. researchers can only analyze data on the interval and
ratio levels of measurement.
41. An experiment in which the experimenter directly
manipulates the IV is known as a (n)
A. ex post facto research design
B. participant observation
C. correlational research design
D. true experiment
42. You should use an independent samples t test when
A. you have a two-group design you used matched pairs and
your DV is measured on an interval or ratio scale of measurement
B. you have a two-group design you randomly assigned your
participants and your DV is measured on a nominal or ordinal scale of
measurement
C. you have a three-group design you randomly assigned your
participants and your DV is measured on an interval or ratio scale of
measurement
D. you have a two-group design you randomly assigned your
participants and your DV is measured on an interval or ratio scale of
measurement.
43. Suppose you know you would like to conduct a one-IV
experiment. What is the second question that you need to answer?
A. how many levels of the IV will I use?
B. will I conduct an experiment or a correlational study?
C. will I conduct a confounded experiment or a true
experiment?
D. all of the above
44. A statistical test used to analyze data from an
experiment with one independent variable that has three or more groups is known
as a
A. two-factor ANOVA
B. t-test
C. one-way ANOVA
D. z-test
47. If participants change over time in an experiment which
threat to internal validity is potentially operating?
A. Selection
B. Maturation
C. Instrumentation
D. Diffusion of treatments
48. Why do researchers choose to use quasi-experimental
designs?
A. random assignments may not be possible when studying
participants from certain groups
B. random assignments may not be possible because of expense
or time difficulties
C. random assignment may not be ethical in some situations
D. all of the above
49. Which is better?
A. the survey was conducted in a controlled setting
B. we conducted the survey in a controlled setting
50. Which is correct?
A. the data indicate that Terrence was correct.
B. the data indicates that Terrence was correct.
