Question
Which of the following is one of the stated reasons why government agencies and the bureaucracy are important players in iron triangles?
Agencies have the expertise to fill in details necessary for implementation.
Agencies have a cozy relationship with interest groups.
Agencies give Congress political cover in there are unintended consequences of a policy.
Agencies can be controlled by the President and Congress.
Question
According to the authors, how do rights and freedoms complicate the development of environmental policy?
Citizens perceive there are conflicting rights associated with environmental policy that politicians are unable to resolve.
There are varying understandings of rights and freedoms, which makes international environmental policy development difficult.
Freedoms are distinct and greater than other kinds of rights, which makes domestic environmental policy development difficult.
Rights, including freedom, are perceived as core values and any potential restrictions of such rights are resisted.
Question
Which of the following isnot a type of interest group identified by the authors?
Professional
Economic
Political action
Promotional
Question
According to the authors, which of the following is one reason for the increase in environmental policy activity during the 1960s?
Substantial loss of wildlife habitats because of urban expansion
Dramatic increases in corporate profits combined with obvious environmental degradation
Environmental disasters like the Deep Water Horizon spill
Growth of environmental interest groups
Question
The condition of foundational equality assumes that all individuals
enter into society with same access to resources.
face the same odds of success and failure.
possess the same moral worth as all other individuals.
are able to meet their basic needs in the same way as other individuals.
Question
Which of the following best describes the authors’ description of separation of powers?
Constitutional separation of formal authority across all three branches of government
Distribution of powers across national, state and local levels
Use of geographically based forms of representation at state and national levels
Distinction between foreign and domestic policy areas
Question
The concept of human nature is described by the authors in which of the following ways?
Innate to single individuals
Naturally occurring and shared by all individuals
Flawed and must be overcome using policy
Unconfirmed by the behavioral sciences
Question
Which of the following best describes the concept of fiscal federalism?
Shared support of infrastructure development by state and federal governments
Distribution of money to state and local governments to subsidize national policies
Restriction of funding to federal agencies by Congress
Rescission of funds by the President
Question
Which president was responsible for creating the EPA?
Lyndon Johnson
John F. Kennedy
Richard Nixon
Theodore Roosevelt
Question
The policy goals associated with U.S. environmental policy over the last thirty years havenot included _________.
security
efficiency
the precautionary principle
cost-effectiveness
