Module 1 – Case
EMERGENCY PLANNING AND METHODOLOGY: AN INTRODUCTION
Case Assignment
For this Case Assignment, you will become familiar with the
NRF, especially in regard to acts of terrorism. Many people assume that
terrorists are persons living overseas who would do harm to those in other
countries. Actually, there has been a proliferation of terrorists on U.S.
soil—known as “homegrown terrorists,” “lone wolf
operatives,” and those infiltrating known groups (e.g., animal rights
groups, anti-abortionists).
In order to respond to the following questions, review the
Background reading:
United States Government interagency domestic terrorism
concept of operations plan (2001). http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/conplan.html
Review of the Department’s preparation to respond to a WMD
incident (2010), U.S. Department of Justice, I-2010-004.
http://www.justice.gov/oig/reports/plus/e1004.pdf
National Response Framework:
https://www.fema.gov/national-response-framework
Respond to the following:
How is a response to destruction from a terrorist incident
different from a response to a natural disaster? Be specific, give examples,
and quote from the readings.
You are a volunteer for the American Red Cross. You are to
enter a scene of destruction in order to assist wounded victims. What are some
precautions that you must take? What are some restrictions placed on you? From
whom do you receive clearance?
First responders should isolate hazards by establishing
control zones. There are three types of control zones. List them and give
examples. Cite your sources.
Assignment Expectations
Length: Case Assignments should be at least three pages
long.
References: At least two references should be included from
academic sources (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles). Required readings are
included. The references should be cited within the text and also listed at the
end of the assignment in the References section (preferably in APA format).
Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper
(since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words
and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from
external sources, it must be enclosed in quotes.
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your
paper.
Format: APA format is recommended (but not required) for
this assignment. See Syllabus page for more information on APA format.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor
errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standard guidelines of grammar,
spelling, punctuation, and sentence syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar
and spelling impact clarity.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
Relevance – All content is connected to the question.
Precision – Specific question is addressed. Statements,
facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.
Depth of discussion – Points that lead to deeper issues are
presented and integrated.
Breadth – Multiple perspectives and references, multiple
issues/factors considered.
Evidence – Points are well-supported with facts, statistics,
and references.
Logic – Presented discussion makes sense; conclusions are
logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.
Clarity – Writing is concise, understandable, and contains
sufficient detail or examples.
Objectivity – Paper avoids use of first person and
subjective bias
Module 1 – SLP
EMERGENCY PLANNING AND METHODOLOGY: AN INTRODUCTION
Partnerships and the Emergency Response Plan
The Session Long Project for this course is to examine
partnerships of five essential sectors to an effective Emergency Response Plan
(ERP)—using the National Response Framework (NRF) as a guide.
These partnerships are:
Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and volunteer
partnerships
Military partnerships: humanitarian/support role
Local, state, and federal partnerships
Private sector partnerships
Local fire department/law enforcement partnerships
We will now consider the first partnership: nongovernmental
organizations (NGOs) and volunteer partnerships.
Respond to the following:
The NRF contains guidelines for NGO and volunteer
involvement in the aftermath of a disaster. An effective ERP should have
language addressing their involvement locally.
Locate in the NRF guidelines NGO and volunteer management.
Cite your sources: title, location, page number.
Locate the appropriate NRF Annex for the American Red Cross.
Choose two functions and relate them to an effective ERP. In other words, how
and what would be the functions of the Red Cross according to an ideal
Emergency Response Plan? Cite your sources by location, title, and page number.
Which NGOs and/or volunteer organizations would you include
in this plan, and why? Be specific.
SLP Assignment Expectations
Length: The SLP assignment should be at least 2-3 pages
long.
References: At least two references should be included from
academic sources (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles). Required readings are
included. The references should be cited within the text and also listed at the
end of the assignment in the References section (preferably in APA format).
Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper
(since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words
and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from
external sources, it must be enclosed in quotes.
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your
paper.
Format: APA format is recommended (but not required) for
this assignment. See Syllabus page for more information on APA format.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor
errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standard guidelines of grammar,
spelling, punctuation, and sentence syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar
and spelling impact clarity.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
Relevance – All content is connected to the question.
Precision – Specific question is addressed. Statements,
facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.
Depth of discussion – Points that lead to deeper issues are
presented and integrated.
Breadth – Multiple perspectives and references, multiple
issues/factors considered.
Evidence – Points are well-supported with facts, statistics,
and references.
Logic – Presented discussion makes sense; conclusions are
logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.
Clarity – Writing is concise, understandable, and contains
sufficient detail or examples.
Module 2 – Case
THE MILITARY PARTNERSHIPS
Case Assignment
The Military Partnerships: Terrorism
United States Northern Command
U.S. Northern Command (USNORTHCOM) was established October
1, 2002, to provide command and control of Department of Defense (DoD) homeland
defense efforts and to coordinate defense support of civil authorities.
NORTHCOM defends America’s homeland—protecting our people, national power, and
freedom of action.*
*From NORTHCOM website.
North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD)
North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) is a United
States and Canada binational organization charged with the missions of
aerospace warning and aerospace control for North America. Aerospace warning
includes the monitoring of man-made objects in space, and the detection,
validation, and warning of attack against North America whether by aircraft,
missiles, or space vehicles, through mutual support arrangements with other
commands.**
**From NORAD website.
2011 NORAD and USNORTHCOM Posture Statement
Posture Statement: Counterterrorism and Force Protection.
Because violent extremists present a threat that currently exhibits both the
capability and the intent to attack our nation, Counterterrorism and Force
Protection continue to be a vital focus area for USNORTHCOM and NORAD.***
***From Winnefeld, A.J.A. (2011). Posture Statement, p. 3.
Refer to the above three sources plus the NRF when answering
the questions below:
How would you include the DoD in your Emergency Response
Plan? Or would you?
Scenario: A federal building suddenly blows up in your city
where you are in charge of the Emergency Response Plan. You are called by law
enforcement officers who note that they have apprehended three military
personnel with explosives in their possession. The two men and one woman are
listed as AWOL; they have threatened that if they are not released, another
operative will blow up more undisclosed buildings. The police have contacted
the FBI and will detain the personnel. Meanwhile, two more buildings explode
near a military outpost in which civilians and military personnel were killed.
What will be your first step? Why? Be specific and cite your sources.
As Incident Commander, would you be in charge of posting
U.S. Army personnel in strategic locations in your town during a terrorist
attack? Please cite specific policy in your response.
Assignment Expectations
Length: Case Assignments should be at least three pages
long.
References: At least two references should be included from
academic sources (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles). Required readings are
included. The references should be cited within the text and also listed at the
end of the assignment in the References section (preferably in APA format).
Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper
(since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words
and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from
external sources, it must be enclosed in quotes.
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your
paper.
Format: APA format is recommended (but not required) for
this assignment. See Syllabus page for more information on APA format.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor
errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standard guidelines of grammar,
spelling, punctuation, and sentence syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar
and spelling impact clarity.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
Relevance – All content is connected to the question.
Precision – Specific question is addressed. Statements,
facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.
Depth of discussion – Points that lead to deeper issues are
presented and integrated.
Breadth – Multiple perspectives and references, multiple
issues/factors considered.
Evidence – Points are well-supported with facts, statistics,
and references.
Logic – Presented discussion makes sense; conclusions are
logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.
Module 2 – SLP
THE MILITARY PARTNERSHIPS
The Military Partnerships: Humanitarian/Support Role
The role of the Department of Defense (DoD) is outlined in
certain directives. Its function is specific to natural disasters (e.g.,
hurricanes, floods, and tornadoes) and to man-made disasters (e.g., major toxic
spill or terrorist attack). Knowing the DoD’s role in your ERP and as outlined
in a Concept of Operations Plan is essential. Moreover, knowing how the DoD
will interface with other support sectors will lessen any confusion when a
disaster occurs.
Find language regarding military involvement in the NRF.
Especially note the command structure. Would the National Guard (if deemed
necessary) be called out first? By whom? When would the Guard be called
out—give examples. When would a military branch (e.g., the Army) be called out?
Remember to cite your sources.
Locate other directives regarding the military’s possible
involvement during a national emergency. Under what conditions would the armed
services be involved? What would be some of their functions? Remember to cite
your sources.
SLP Assignment Expectations
Length: The SLP assignment should be at least 2-3 pages
long.
References: At least two references should be included from
academic sources (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles). Required readings are
included. The references should be cited within the text and also listed at the
end of the assignment in the References section (preferably in APA format).
Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper
(since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words
and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from
external sources, it must be enclosed in quotes.
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your
paper.
Format: APA format is recommended (but not required) for
this assignment. See Syllabus page for more information on APA format.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor
errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standard guidelines of grammar,
spelling, punctuation, and sentence syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar
and spelling impact clarity.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
Relevance – All content is connected to the question.
Precision – Specific question is addressed. Statements,
facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.
Depth of discussion – Points that lead to deeper issues are
presented and integrated.
Breadth – Multiple perspectives and references, multiple
issues/factors considered.
Evidence – Points are well-supported with facts, statistics,
and references.
Logic – Presented discussion makes sense; conclusions are
logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.
Clarity – Writing is concise, understandable, and contains
sufficient detail or examples.
Module 3 – Case
LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL PARTNERSHIPS
Case Assignment
Local, State, and Federal Partnerships:
Sometimes what appears to be a gas explosion, a local
homicide situation, or a bomb threat may actually be instigated by domestic
terrorists. Examples include drug-related terrorist acts, paramilitary radicals
involvement, infrastructure sabotage, and toxins dispersal attempts.
Many Emergency Management Plans include a working
partnership with local fire departments and law enforcement agencies. This case requires to review and discuss a
specific plan to include the San Francisco Bay Area regional emergency
coordination plan.
For this level, access the following:
Federal Government Partner Guide of the NRF. The “Partner
Guide provides a targeted index to information in the NRF core document that is
specifically pertinent to local [state and federal] government leaders and
emergency management practitioners. The Guide is intended to serve as a ready
reference to assist users in quickly locating sections of the NRF that are
applicable to local [state and federal] partners.” (Source: FEMA.gov)
National Incident Management System (NIMS). NIMS works hand
in hand with the NRF. NIMS provides the template for the management of
incidents, while the NRF provides the structure and mechanisms for
national-level policy for incident management.
Respond to the following:
Explain the chain-of-command structure when receiving
information about a possible act of terrorism in your city. The incident is
confirmed to be the work of terrorists.
a. How does the local law enforcer handle a case of
suspected terrorism?
b. San Francisco Plan: What is the function of the Terrorism
Liaison Officer?
c. Explain the involvement by the Federal Bureau of
Investigation.
Review the NRF and the NIMS in reference to terrorism (e.g.,
explosions, shootings, biological attacks) and note the locations in these
documents.
What do the documents note concerning biological, chemical,
radiological, and nuclear terrorism?
Assignment Expectations
Length: Case assignments should be at least three pages
long.
References: At least two references should be included from
academic sources (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles). Required readings are
included. The references should be cited within the text and also listed at the
end of the assignment in the References section (preferably in APA format).
Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper
(since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words
and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from
external sources, it must be enclosed in quotes.
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your
paper.
Format: APA format is recommended (but not required) for
this assignment. See Syllabus page for more information on APA format.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor
errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standard guidelines of grammar,
spelling, punctuation, and sentence syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar
and spelling impact clarity.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
Relevance – All content is connected to the question.
Precision – Specific question is addressed. Statements,
facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.
Depth of discussion – Points that lead to deeper issues are
presented and integrated.
Breadth – Multiple perspectives and references, multiple
issues/factors considered.
Evidence – Points are well-supported with facts, statistics,
and references.
Logic – Presented discussion makes sense; conclusions are
logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.
Module 3 – SLP
LOCAL, STATE, AND FEDERAL PARTNERSHIPS
Natural/Accidental Disasters
National Response Framework. Review areas specifically
pertinent to local, state, and federal government leaders and emergency
management practitioners (pp. 11-19).
You will also need to become familiar with the
“memorandum of understanding” approach to cooperative engagements.
Provide two examples of a memorandum of understanding.
Explain why you chose these examples.
Explain why it is advantageous to have a reciprocal
emergency response agreement with the town or city that adjoins your town or
city. Give examples.
Search and Rescue Task Force: Outline a search and rescue
plan of operation. Explain the preferred kinds of communication employed in a
disaster scenario. Cite the specific place(s) in the NRF document where you got
your search-and-rescue information.
SLP Assignment Expectations
Length: The SLP assignment should be at least 2-3 pages
long.
References: At least two references should be included from
academic sources (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles). Required readings are
included. The references should be cited within the text and also listed at the
end of the assignment in the References section (preferably in APA format).
Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper
(since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words
and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from
external sources, it must be enclosed in quotes.
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your
paper.
Format: APA format is recommended (but not required) for
this assignment. See Syllabus page for more information on APA format.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor
errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standard guidelines of grammar,
spelling, punctuation, and sentence syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar
and spelling impact clarity.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
Relevance – All content is connected to the question.
Precision – Specific question is addressed. Statements,
facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.
Depth of discussion – Points that lead to deeper issues are
presented and integrated.
Breadth – Multiple perspectives and references, multiple
issues/factors considered.
Evidence – Points are well-supported with facts, statistics,
and references.
Logic – Presented discussion makes sense; conclusions are
logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.
Clarity – Writing is concise, understandable, and contains
sufficient detail or examples.
Objectivity – Paper avoids use of first person and
subjective bias.
Module 4 – Case
PRIVATE SECTOR PARTNERSHIPS
Case Assignment
Private Sector Partnerships: Terrorism
Locate the proper Response Partner Guide and the Emergency
Support Function Annexes from the NRF Resource Center for this Case Assignment.
Also, refer to previous readings and required websites. For our focus in the
Module 4 Case Assignment, examples of private sector partners of an emergency
response plan for a town or city include:
Transportation (e.g., trains, planes, ships)
Telecommunication systems
Utilities (e.g., water, electricity, waste disposal)
Banking
Hospitals
Retail (e.g., lumber outlet, supermarket)
One of the main components of an emergency response plan is
medical care. Depending on the type of terrorist response, medical facility
caregivers must be ready to attend to the sick and injured. Injuries could be
from shrapnel, blasts, brain trauma, contamination from a biological agent, or
radiation poisoning, for example. Those injured will be civilians, children,
and first responders. Medical triaging, accessing supplies, and fielding
medical personnel will certainly take priority. The Incident Commander must
establish a liaison with the medical gatekeeper.
Respond to the following:
Go online and search “Hospital Emergency Response
Plan.” Locate a hospital’s specific plan (use your hospital/clinic if
employed in one—or a comparable setting). Then write a sentence or paragraph
about:
Disaster procedures for staff members
Alternative clinic sites
Toxic external atmosphere
Bomb threats
Emergency evacuation
Assignment Expectations
Length: Case Assignments should be at least three pages
long.
References: At least two references should be included from
academic sources (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles). Required readings are
included. The references should be cited within the text and also listed at the
end of the assignment in the References section (preferably in APA format).
Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper
(since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words
and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from
external sources, it must be enclosed in quotes.
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your
paper.
Format: APA format is recommended (but not required) for
this assignment. See Syllabus page for more information on APA format.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor
errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standard guidelines of grammar,
spelling, punctuation, and sentence syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar
and spelling impact clarity.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
Relevance – All content is connected to the question.
Precision – Specific question is addressed. Statements,
facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.
Depth of discussion – Points that lead to deeper issues are
presented and integrated.
Breadth – Multiple perspectives and references, multiple issues/factors
considered.
Evidence – Points are well-supported with facts, statistics,
and references.
Logic – Presented discussion makes sense; conclusions are
logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.
Module 4 – SLP
PRIVATE SECTOR PARTNERSHIPS
Assess Crisis Management for Selected Organization
Private Sector Partnerships: Natural/Man-Made Disasters
Locate the proper Response Partner Guide and the Emergency
Support Function Annexes from the NRF Resource Center for this SLP. Also, refer
to previous readings and required websites. For our focus in the Module 4 SLP,
examples of private sector partners of an emergency response plan for a town or
city include:
Transportation (e.g., trains, planes, ships)
Telecommunication systems
Utilities (e.g., water, electricity, waste disposal)
Banking
Hospitals
Retail (e.g., lumber outlet, supermarket)
There are other partners within this category; familiarize
yourself with them.
Scenario: For this scenario, we are assuming that you have
included the above private sector partners in your ERP. A number of railroad
tank cars overturned releasing a toxic gas into the air. Gas clouds are
traveling in the vicinity of a large residential area and an elementary school.
You are the Incident Commander and tasked with coordinating an effective
response. You have already alerted law enforcement and HAZMAT first responders.
Using the six private sector partners above in your
response, what other step would you need to take to ensure the safety of the
town’s citizens? Be specific and cite your sources.
SLP Assignment Expectations
Length: The SLP assignment should be at least 3-5 pages
long.
References: At least two references should be included from
academic sources (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles). Required readings are
included. The references should be cited within the text and also listed at the
end of the assignment in the References section (preferably in APA format).
Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper
(since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words
and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from
external sources, it must be enclosed in quotes.
Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your
paper.
Format: APA format is recommended (but not required) for
this assignment. See Syllabus page for more information on APA format.
Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor
errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standard guidelines of grammar,
spelling, punctuation, and sentence syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar
and spelling impact clarity.
The following items will be assessed in particular:
Relevance – All content is connected to the question.
Precision – Specific question is addressed. Statements,
facts, and statistics are specific and accurate.
Depth of discussion – Points that lead to deeper issues are
presented and integrated.
Breadth – Multiple perspectives and references, multiple
issues/factors considered.
Evidence – Points are well-supported with facts, statistics,
and references.
Logic – Presented discussion makes sense; conclusions are
logically supported by premises, statements, or factual information.
Clarity – Writing is concise, understandable, and contains
sufficient detail or examples.
